NYRA’s Total Handle Tops $2.37 Billion In 2021; Average Daily Handle Up 21.6 Percent From 2019

The New York Racing Association, Inc. (NYRA) today announced that its 2021 race meets conducted at Aqueduct Racetrack, Belmont Park and Saratoga Race Course generated all-sources handle of $2,373,772,916 and average daily handle of $11,809,816 over 201 race days.

Average daily handle on the NYRA circuit has increased 21.6 percent since 2019, when average daily handle over 217 race days was $9,714,868. Average daily handle in 2020, which featured 157 race days, was $11,553,727.

All sources handle for 2021 was $265,646,547 higher than 2019, an increase of 12.6 percent; and $559,837,825 higher than 2020, a 30.9 percent increase.

Average field size for the 1,887 races completed in 2021 was 7.68, a 3.9 percent increase over 2019 and a 1.8 percent decrease from 2020.

On-track handle in 2021 totaled $266,978,634 compared with $152,114,600 in 2020 and $310,053,754 in 2019.

Live racing resumes Thursday at Aqueduct with a nine-race card. First post is 12:20 p.m. Eastern.

America's Day at the Races will present daily coverage and analysis of the winter meet at Aqueduct Racetrack on the networks of FOX Sports. For the complete broadcast schedule, visit https://www.nyra.com/aqueduct/racing/tv-schedule.

NYRA Bets is the official wagering platform of Aqueduct Racetrack, and the best way to bet every race of the winter meet. Available to horseplayers nationwide, the NYRA Bets app is available for download today on iOS and Android at www.NYRABets.com.

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A Closer Look At: The Whats And Whys Of Equine Vaccines

In this series, we ask some of the equine health questions you've wondered about but were too afraid to ask. Today, Dr. Earl Gaughan, Senior Equine Professional Services Veterinarian with Merck Animal Health, tackles a few common questions about respiratory illness in horses.

We've all heard a lot in the last year about the way vaccines work. What's the mechanism of action for most equine vaccines? (Killed virus vs mRNA, etc.)

Dr. Earl Gaughan: The simple way a vaccine works is to mimic a natural exposure to an infectious organism that can cause disease, and to stimulate an animal or human to develop an immune response such that infection and disease are prevented. The normal mammalian immune system has several ways it responds to these kinds of exposures and threats of disease. The immune system's “goals” are to rid the body of the infectious organism and/or to reduce any potential life-threatening results such that the body can survive.

Among the responses of the immune system are humoral (antibodies) and innate (chemical and cellular) mechanisms. Infectious organisms present antigens which are usually proteins that stimulate these immune responses. Antibodies are the immune system proteins that bind or block these outside antigens to reduce the number and threat these organisms can present. This response takes the body hours to days to reach effective levels. Cellular and chemical production to fight infectious organisms develop rapidly and can be the quick, first responses after exposure to these threats.

“Killed virus” vaccines are just that – a product that contains killed organisms or proteins that typically stimulate humoral antibody responses. “Modified-live” vaccines perform similarly to killed vaccines but utilize a similar organism to the targeted infection that has been altered such that it will stimulate an immune response but not disease. These vaccine products are most commonly administered to a horse by injection deep into muscle tissue. At least one modified-live vaccine can be administered up the nose of a horse (intra-nasal) such that the vaccine itself is placed on the lining of the nasal passage. This stimulates what is known as innate or mucosal immune responses. This is a rapid (minutes to hours) response based on release of chemical and cellular mediators of the immune defense.

Currently, we do not have mRNA vaccines for horses. These vaccines work by entering body cells and stimulating protein production that can reduce invading viral reproduction and entry into host body cells. Long term repercussions of these products are unknown at this time.

Do equine vaccines vary year to year like the human flu shot?

Equine vaccines do not vary year to year. The AAEP-recommended core vaccines against rabies, tetanus, Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis/Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE) and West Nile virus remain very effective and should be administered to every horse in every location in North America. These diseases are typically lethal and the vaccines are successful at preventing disease with very few negative effects.

The reason human flu vaccines change each year is the rapid ability of influenza to undergo what is called “antigenic drift” or mutation of the virus to make it more able to infect a host (human). Antigenic drift in horses occurs, but at a much slower pace than what is seen in people. Equine flu vaccines are changed to keep up with evolving strain development, but again, we are fortunate this does not happen at the rate seen in humans. The rate of equine flu strain and therefore vaccine change is more in a five to ten-year window vs. annual. To date, influenza appears to be the only viral pathogen where annual change is monitored in horses. The strains of equine herpesvirus appear to be stable or more slowly changing, although more strains of herpesvirus are being discovered with more sophisticated diagnostic methods, so additional vaccines may be on the horizon for horses. The same can probably be said for some of the other, less commonly seen, risk-based vaccines.

Some horse owners are skeptical of the efficacy of equine vaccines; how well do they really work? 

Skepticism is rational and informed questions are welcomed by equine veterinarians. The vaccines available for horse diseases like rabies, tetanus, Eastern and Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE) and West Nile virus work very well to prevent these diseases in horses. These vaccines are considered core or essential for a horse's well-being, as they help prevent diseases that are typically lethal. While there is never an absolute guarantee, it is interesting to note that when these diseases are diagnosed in horses, they are most commonly seen in horses that have not been vaccinated or are far past the appropriate date for booster vaccines.

Other disease-causing organisms do not lend themselves to as complete vaccine protection as the vaccines for the infectious neurologic disorders mentioned above. However, these are also far less lethal infections cause by influenza, herpesviruses, and others. Vaccinating for these diseases is considered “risk-based” and is encouraged for horses that may encounter infectious agents at home or during travel. Vaccinating for these concerns is performed to help reduce infections, reduce severity of clinical disease, and reduce spread of the virus, or other organisms. These vaccines can be very helpful and are recommended for most horses in consultation with a veterinarian. 

Why is it important for a horse who doesn't leave home to still get regular vaccinations?

While a horse at home would appear unlikely to encounter disease-causing organisms, these infectious agents can often come to the horse. For instance, rabies is usually the result of a bite from a skunk, raccoon or other carrier; EEE, WEE, and West Nile can be delivered by mosquitos and the tetanus organism is found in soil everywhere. Vaccinating the horse at home is important to prevent these highly lethal diseases.

Vaccinating horses that do not travel for things like influenza and herpes should be done in consultation with a veterinarian. If other horses do travel and come home, or if horses from varied places mix at all, these infections can be transmitted and are typically very contagious. Other, less common, disease entities may not require vaccination unless presence of the diseases occurs locally or regionally, putting the horse at home at risk. Even trail rides with neighbors can expose horses to infectious organisms not necessarily present at home. Again, discussion with your veterinarian is a great place to get the best answers. 

What are some common reasons horse owners give for not vaccinating their horses? 

Sound medical reasons for not vaccinating:

  1. The horse has reacted severely with past vaccine administration
  2. The horse has recently recovered from the targeted disease
  3. Known or potential adverse events/reactions to a vaccine product

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White Hot, Dam of BC Winner Pizza Bianca, to Be Bred to Into Mischief

White Hot (Ire) (Galileo {Ire}), dam of GI Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies Turf winner Pizza Bianca (Fastnet Rock {Aus}), will be bred to superstar stallion Into Mischief in 2022, owner Bobby Flay reported Thursday.

“I wanted to take all the guesswork out of it,” explained owner Bobby Flay on selecting the Spendthrift stallion.

Pizza Bianca is currently at Christophe Clement's Payson Park base in preparation for her 3-year-old season. White Hot was originally a 1,250,000 gns yearling at Tattersalls October in 2014. She never made it to the races, but Flay held onto the half-sister to G1SW Pour Moi (Ire) (Montjeu {Ire}), and her first foal to hit the track was Pizza Bianca.

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Veteran Velazquez Looking Smart for Withers

When you have been in the game as long as Alfredo Velazquez, nobody has to tell you quite how long a journey divides slop-splattered defeat at Aqueduct on the first day of the year from Churchill Downs on the first Saturday in May. By the same token, however, the length of perspective opened by six decades on the racetrack gives persuasive substance to the Parx stalwart's excitement over Smarten Up (American Freedom), who graduated from a nine-length maiden romp at his home track to mount a storming finish for second in the Jerome S.

Unlike his son Danny, who got Brooklyn Strong (Wicked Strong) to the race last year after similarly developing his candidacy at Aqueduct during the winter, Velazquez has never sampled the GI Kentucky Derby trail. “But you never know, in this business, when the day might come,” he says. “When I was a groom in New York, I worked for some very good trainers. And they could buy a horse for the Derby but by the time they got to the Derby, they had no horse. So you never expect a small guy like me to find one. I'm at the end of the road now, I'm 77. But I went to a sale and I was lucky, I picked the right horse. And now I feel like I'm 18 years old again!”

The sale in question was OBS April, last year, where Velazquez considered the son of Airdrie rookie American Freedom to have more potential than he could show in the clock-crazed environment of an under-tack show.

“I go to that sale in Ocala every year,” Velazquez explains. “I was looking for a horse that can go long. And when I saw this horse by American Freedom out of a Smarty Jones mare, and then when I saw the way he worked, I said: 'You're coming home with me.' Actually the mother used to be a sprinter, but I knew he was going to go long, both sides. He did :21 4/5 that day, but the farther he goes, the faster he goes.”

Having been pinhooked through the same ring as a $20,000 short yearling by Blue River Bloodstock, the colt was acquired for $50,000 by Happy Tenth Stable, which has supported Velazquez with a horse or two through the past seven or eight years. And though Smarten Up was initially offered time to regroup on a farm, he was very soon clamoring for action and brought to the track ahead of schedule.

Nowadays Velazquez only has a dozen or so animals in his care, the majority operating in claimers, but he has always been able to find a horse's level. With 1,168 winners to date, at a career clip of 16%, “Freddie” was inducted into the Parx Hall of Fame in 2019. His resume is capped by the peripatetic Private Zone (Macho Uno), who won the GI Vosburgh and GI Cigar Mile during his stay in the barn in 2014; but perhaps Velazquez deserves still greater credit for the 10-for-23 career of Traffic Light (Peace Rules), a $13,000 Pennsylvania-bred who banked over $600,000.

It's often more challenging, after all, to get any kind of race out of a fragile, low-bred horse, than to push the buttons on a beautiful yearling with a big pedigree.

“Sometimes we have done well with cheap horses that needed time, which people don't always want to give a horse,” Velazquez reflects. “But with a claiming horse, you've got to find out what they like. Sometimes they have problems and don't want to train too hard. A lot of horses, you just have to play with, try to keep them happy. With better ones, though, you see a race coming up and you can train them up for it. They let you know what they're ready to do, and you don't have to be too smart to see that. But even with Private Zone, when we had him, he was a tough horse to train: you never knew what he was going to do, he might put on the brakes any time. But Smarten Up is different.

“This is a horse you can do whatever you want to do with. His temperament is first-class. Whatever you ask him to do, he'll go out there and do it. You could walk him all the way around the track if you wanted. Yet when we first worked him, we were looking to go :38, :39; and he went :36 and change. I asked the rider what happened and he said he never even moved his hands.”

On debut, over seven furlongs in September, Smarten Up was drawn on the rail in a field of 12 and flew from off the pace for second. Velazquez blames himself for fitting an unsuitable pair of blinkers when the horse finished third next time, but everything fell into place with that runaway maiden win over a mile and a sixteenth in November.

“That day he wasn't even running, he just galloped,” Velazquez says. “So I was very happy to go to the Jerome, he was doing so good. Everybody here told me good luck, you've got a good-looking horse there, hope he runs good. And he did. I wanted to be like three lengths off the pace, because he's got plenty of speed, but he got bumped at the gate and cut on the left front leg. He was unlucky, but as it happened I've been very lucky because he's come back good. He had all that mud in his face, as well; he'd never had that before.”

For much of the race, indeed, Smarten Up appeared to be floundering out the back. But then, switched to the outside by Anthony Salgado into the stretch, he found his stride and came bearing down powerfully on the blue-blooded winner Courvoisier (Tapit). Having reduced the gap to barely a length at the line, he looked as though a few more strides more would have taken him clear. Velazquez is duly eager for a rematch over a ninth furlong back at Aqueduct in the GIII Withers S. Feb. 5.

“Salgado did a good job, he knows the horse, knows what he's got, he had to go five or six wide but then he finished strong,” he says. “And the longer he can go, the better he will be. That's why I can't wait for the next race. One, the pace will be different as he goes farther. And he never gets tired. If you don't pull him up, he'll just keep going. He has so much power, he'll never stop.”

If able to collect some additional starting points in the Withers, then, Velazquez would be entitled to hope that Smarten Up could step up again for the extreme test of the Derby. As he remarked, that whole prospect is a rejuvenation–even if he has had to halve a scheduled Florida vacation, to keep monitoring a colt with the potential to vindicate so many years of toil.

Velazquez left Puerto Rico as a teenage groom, in 1965, having been invited to come and stay with compatriot Eddie Belmonte who was then making his name as a jockey in New York. He worked under a variety of Hall of Fame horsemen, including Woody Stephens, Angel Penna, Sr. and his great mentor P.G. Johnson.

“I worked for good people, for many years, but he was the best for me,” Velazquez recalls. “I worked for him five years. A lot of them trained all horses the same way, but that guy trained each one different. He used to come in real early and check how much they had eaten, how much water they'd had. He knew when a horse was ready. I learned a lot from him, and when I started training [in 1984] I used to call him all the time about what to do.”

Now it's his own phone that keeps ringing, often with bigger players sniffing around Smarten Up. “Every day, seven eight people call,” says Velazquez. “I say: 'Listen, this is the guy who owns the horse, you call him. If he wants to sell, then I'll tell you about the horse. But right now you got to talk to him first.'”

And who can put a price on the chance to ride the Derby trail? The quest has animated Velazquez for 56 years since his buddy Belmonte become the first Puerto Rican to ride in the race.

“For any owner, any trainer, the dream is the Derby,” he says. “We were there with my son, and we had a lot of fun. Now maybe it can be my turn to take him, if everything works out. I can't wait for this horse's next race. I hope he doesn't make me a liar, but I can't wait to run him a mile and eighth. I can close my eyes and see the race. I know he can lay up there, whatever way they're going. You run against him, believe me, he's going to be tough.”

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