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Travelogue: Southeast Asia

Editor's note: Jockey Ferrin Peterson, DVM, has embarked on a charitable mission to Southeast Asia to help refugees care for their animals in war-torn areas, bringing veterinary knowledge and supplies to villagers with no other access to care. She will be contributing a blog to the TDN when conditions permit.

Helping the under-served groups of the world was modeled to me from a young age. My parents had worked in Mexico before raising our family, and I have had relatives who served in China, Turkey, India, and Spain as engineers, teachers, and musicians. This was foundational in my upbringing, and it instilled in me a passion to use my individual interests and skillsets to help those in need.

While pursuing my Bachelor's in Animal Science at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, I had colleagues who were part of organizations such as Engineers Without Borders and Doctors Without Borders. I saw a breach in the care for the animals that support the livelihood of people living in under-served parts of the world. I reached out to several of my professors, and one connected me with a humanitarian organization called The Free Burma Rangers (FBR). This group helps refugees in the jungles of Southeast Asia and uses a pack animal team comprised of mules and Mongolian ponies to carry supplies to remote villages, where they have no veterinary care.

On my initial trip, the refugees had lost several of their pack animals due to an unknown illness, and diagnosing the lethal disease became the focus of my first trip to Southeast Asia. I had little veterinary training at the time but connected with my future professor, Dr. Eric Davis, at UC Davis who guided me in sample collection and provided the lab upon my return. We diagnosed the disease as trypanosomiasis, which is carried by a tsetse fly vector and is endemic in Asia and Africa.

I returned two years later while I was a veterinary student at UC Davis. The pack animal team had stayed relatively healthy, so the focus of my second trip was to branch out to help other species. The villages we visit are far off the grid and we backpacked 10 hours into the jungle through steep mountains to reach our first village. Those villagers had never met a veterinarian, and although I was not officially a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) yet, I provided training in basic animal husbandry. I experienced the gratitude they shared by improving the health of their animals who were essential to their livelihood. It was apparent that the villagers appreciated their animals and were providing the best care they knew under limited conditions and no training. I helped them with their water buffalo, pigs, chickens, dogs, cats, and even a monkey.

I am sitting in the airport about to embark on my third trip, my first as an official DVM. Just weeks after breezing some of the top Thoroughbreds in the world in preparation for the Breeders' Cup, I now have the opportunity to work with some of the most underrated equids I know: tough, selfless, and also life-changing to their owners. I think that is one of the beautiful things about horses worldwide: to witness the important role they play in a wide variety of uses.

The Free Burma Rangers reached out to me this past spring, as they had lost four members of their pack animal team this year, three of which I had worked with on previous trips. The symptoms sound like a combination of parasites, colic, and malnutrition. Their base camp lost their entire flock of chickens and herd of swine this year, so there have been some devastating losses. The base camp provides essential medical care, as it is the only medical facility of its kind within days of travel. FBR has trained local medics and built a basic facility to care for people. In previous trips, I witnessed a woman who had walked all night in labor to reach the medical facility. I also met a man who had traveled for several days with a snake bite that needed treatment. To realize that the medics serving at the base camp lost two important food sources in their pigs and chickens is very concerning.

When my plane lands in Southeast Asia, I will connect with a mentor of mine, Dr Peter Quesenberry, who is also a UC Davis Veterinary School alumni and has dedicated his career to the underserved animals and their owners in Asia. He wrote the book “Where There Is No Animal Doctor,” inspired by “Where There Is No Doctor,” the most widely used health care manual in the world. I use Dr. Quesenberry's book in my training sessions with the villagers. We can turn to the same page and while I read in English they follow along from their copies written in their own language and accompanied with simple illustrations. It has been instrumental in the language barrier hurdle.

Dr. Quesenberry will take me to local shops in town to purchase the rest of the supplies I need: vaccines, dewormers and ointments to name a few. While I am bringing a large pack with me from home, it is important to source as much as possible from local stores. This supports their economy and familiarizes the local people with the brands of vaccines and medications so that they can purchase more on their own for long-term care. Through the generosity of my supporters, I will be stocking up on essential supplies before I head off the grid.

I will backpack in everything needed to live off the grid for two weeks. Anyone who has backpacked understands the delicate balance of bringing the necessities while keeping your pack as light as possible. On my first trip, I started handing off the snacks I had packed out of desperation to lighten my load as we ascended yet another mountain. The 10 hours of backpacking is up and down steep mountains. Upon reaching the summit of one mountain, you have to go back down the other side, only to do it all over again on the next mountain. FBR makes these trips during the dry season, which is our winter and early spring, as they say it is too difficult to travel during the rainy season. I have been training for the mountainous terrain as best I can by running hills and stairs in Kentucky, but I know it cannot compare. It is always humbling as I agonize up a mountain, despite fitness and proper hiking gear, and then look over to see a villager easily traversing the same terrain in plastic flip flops. I am always impressed by how tough these people are who have never known the comforts I take for granted.

The first leg of the trip ends with a bit of trouble, as my flight to London arrives late and I miss my connection by 15 minutes. But all in all, it's a small price to pay, and I appreciate the encouragement and support of others who helped make this happen- my connections in racing who support my absence from the circuit for a few weeks, Back on Track USA who helped with outfitting me for the trip, and every one who donated through www.freeburmarangers.com.

Tomorrow: Day 1-What's On Tap

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Canada May Face Veterinary Drug Shortage In 2022

The Canadian Animal Health Institute recently issued a warning of impending difficulty in obtaining many veterinary medications.

A 2017 change in veterinary drug regulation limited what drugs could be accessed in Canada and veterinarians are preparing to feel the fallout. Rising shipping costs and pandemic-related shortages are also not helping matters of accessibility, nor is the uptick of penicillin use in human medicine.

Canada imports nearly 95 percent of the vaccines used in veterinary medicine. Accessibility of drugs is a major concern for Canadian vets that is expected to become more problematic. One proposed solution involves allowing for the purchase of pharmaceuticals that are approved in other jurisdictions, like the United States and European Union.

Cornell Creates New Department To Unite Vet Med And Public Health

The College of Veterinary Medicine launched its new Department of Public and Ecosystem Health Oct. 25 after extensive campus consultation. This is the college's sixth academic department and its first new department in more than 20 years.

“This department unites the programs and activities at the College of Veterinary Medicine that already leverage a One Health approach, and will link interdisciplinary work that benefits the well-being of people, animals and the environment,” said Lorin D. Warnick, D.V.M., Ph.D. '94, the Austin O. Hooey Dean of Veterinary Medicine. “The department brings together veterinarians, research scientists and public health practitioners with the goal of addressing critical health problems through education, research and community engagement.”

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“The launch of this department at the College of Veterinary Medicine is an important step for Cornell in preparing the next generation of scientists to meet the complex health challenges that attend changes in climate, animal habitat and human behavior. The new department will provide a home for Cornell's outstanding public health program,” said Provost Michael I. Kotlikoff, who served as dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine from 2007 to 2015.

The founding chair will be Dr. Alexander Travis, professor of reproductive biology and director of Cornell's Master of Public Health Program.

“It is an honor to help start this unique department,” Travis said. “Most academic departments are organized around either a specific subject or a common disciplinary approach. Instead, we unite faculty from different professions and disciplines to work together to tackle some of the world's most pressing challenges.”

The challenges are organized within three main themes: Healthy food systems, encompassing everything from food production to consumption and associated nutritional and health impacts; emerging health threats, which grapples with topics such as novel infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance and climate change; and biodiversity conservation, which is needed to preserve the systems on which all life depends.

These challenges effectively boil down to two things, said Travis – sustainability and equity. “Many of the worst problems plaguing us today stem from the unsustainable ways that humans interact with other species and the environment, and the inequitable ways that we interact with each other,” Travis said.

The ongoing coronavirus pandemic demonstrates the need for a department to focus on these interconnected issues, he said.

“Unfortunately, COVID-19 provides an excellent example of how unsustainable use of wildlife and unsafe food systems combined to enable the emergence of a new infectious disease,” Travis said. “And we've seen that the worst impacts of the pandemic have been borne by the most vulnerable among us, here in the U.S. and around the world.”

In addition to emerging infectious diseases, the department's three themes encompass a host of interconnected problems facing humanity. Climate change affects human health and food production, and increases the frequency of historic disasters, such as fires and floods that harm people and can drive wildlife to extinction. Poverty and discrimination affect people's nutrition, environmental exposures, stress and more. And loss of biodiversity reduces humanity's sources of food and medicine, making people more vulnerable to disease and reducing services, ranging from pollinating food crops to protecting people from storm damage or keeping air and water clean.

Addressing these complicated problems requires diverse disciplinary expertise – not just in veterinary medicine and public health, but also in the realms of ecology, social sciences, and policy.

“Cornell has experts who are the best in the world in their fields. We plan to build on that excellence in research, teaching and practice through university-wide collaborations, so we can maximize our impact in New York and beyond,” Travis said.

The new department contains 26 founding faculty members, all of whom come from other departments within the College of Veterinary Medicine. Each teaches in the veterinary curriculum and/or Master of Public Health Program, supervises graduate and professional students in scientific research, and engages in clinical or public health practice.

The department plans to grow its programmatic offerings for students, including combinations of degrees – such as D.V.M./M.P.H., M.S./M.P.H., and Ph.D./M.P.H. – because students will increasingly need to use a multi-disciplinary, systems-based approach as they attempt to tackle the world's issues in their careers.

Travis is well-suited to running a department that unites many different areas of focus for comprehensive solutions to problems. His research explores a diverse set of subjects, including fertility in humans and animals, and efforts to help alleviate poverty and hunger in developing countries, work that indirectly benefits local wildlife. He has served as associate dean of international programs and public health at the college and is founding director of the Master of Public Health Program.

Said Warnick, “The Department of Public and Ecosystem Health builds on our college's roots and long history of contributing to advances in public health — and is another way Cornell is embracing challenges facing humanity, animal life and our planet.”

AVMA President To Tackle Vet Med’s Financial Challenges

Dr. José Arce, the American Veterinary Medical Association's incoming president, announced that during his first year in office he will focus on removing financial barriers for those who wish to enter the field of veterinary medicine. He will also prioritize promoting the well-being of veterinarians, including veterinary students.

Arce said that high student debt and other “formidable” economic challenges threaten the wellness of professionals in veterinary medicine. He said he will work to improve the educational debt-to-income disparities by advocating legislators to propose low-interest or interest-free student loans so that veterinary degrees are more accessible.

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Arce is also prioritizing fostering an environment that promotes mental health, personal happiness, and the emotional well-being of everyone involved in veterinary medicine.

Arce notes that the pandemic has highlighted the essential role veterinary medicine plays in public health. He hopes to foster relationships with other global veterinary associations and intergovernmental institutions to support global public health, animal health and animal welfare.