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Major Racing Organizations Fund First-Of-Its-Kind Furosemide, EIPH Study In 2-Year-Old Racehorses

The Stronach Group together with Breeders' Cup Ltd., Churchill Downs Inc., Keeneland, the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission, the Kentucky Thoroughbred Association and the New York Racing Association have agreed to jointly fund North America's largest study on the effects of furosemide and on the prevalence and severity of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) in two-year-old racehorses.

The study, formally titled Furosemide: Its Effects on the Prevalence and Severity of Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) and the Immune System's Normal Response to Exercise in Two-Year-Old Racehorses, began this month and is being led by Dr. Warwick Bayly and Dr. Macarena Sanz from the Department of Veterinary Clinical Services at Washington State University's College of Veterinary Medicine. This study represents the largest study ever to focus on evaluating the effects of furosemide on two-year-old racehorses.

The study will be focused on two-year-old racehorses only and will aim to address the debate surrounding whether or not injection of furosemide has beneficial, detrimental or no effects on the welfare of these racehorses. The use of furosemide and its effects has been a dominant issue confronting North American racing for more than a decade. The study offers an opportunity to address unanswered questions at the heart of furosemide use, namely:

1. Does the administration of furosemide four hours before racing and/or training reduce the severity of EIPH in two-year-old racehorses?
2. Does the pre-race administration of furosemide four hours before racing effect a horse's performance?

The study will evaluate the endoscopic exams from at least 600 horses from three groups representing the major racing jurisdictions of California, Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York. Horses will be evaluated in three groups: 1) those who are given furosemide at least 48 hours before racing or not at all; 2) those who are given furosemide 24 hours before racing or not at all and; 3) those who are administered furosemide four hours before racing. Veterinary practitioners from each of the jurisdictions will be asked to recruit trainers who are existing clients to voluntarily participate in the study.

“This study provides an opportunity to fill a critical knowledge gap on the use of furosemide,” said Dr. Warwick Bayly, Professor, Equine Medicine, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine. “As a first-of-its-kind study of this depth, it is our hope that once completed we will be able to provide additional information that will enable the horse racing industry to address the regulation of furosemide in the United States from a scientifically-informed perspective.”

“The current patchwork of rules and regulations across the United States regarding the administration of furosemide does a disservice to the horses and the practitioners who care for them,” said Dr. Dionne Benson, Chief Veterinary Officer, The Stronach Group. “This study is an opportunity for industry stakeholders to come together to invest in meaningful steps to address pressing questions so that we may develop a higher and more consistent standard of rules and regulations.”

“The use of Lasix has long been a highly debated topic. This is our opportunity, as advocates for the safety and welfare of our racehorses, to collect and analyze vital real-life information that can be used to help answer some questions regarding the use of Lasix and its effect, but also guide common-sense regulation around Lasix use,” said Dr. Will Farmer, Equine Medical Director, Churchill Downs Incorporated.

“This study represents a unique collaboration of North American racing interests to further understand the true rate of EIPH in young racehorses through endoscopic examinations performed in post-race settings,” said Dr. Stuart Brown, Equine Safety Director – Sales and Racing, Keeneland. “The potential to gain insight under the present landscape of furosemide use across various racing jurisdictions will help shape decisions that benefit the safety and welfare of the equine athlete in competition.”

Preliminary results from the study are expected to be available in Spring 2021, assuming the quantity and quality of the samples satisfy the requirements for statistical relevance as set out by Dr. Bayly and Dr. Sanz.

The post Major Racing Organizations Fund First-Of-Its-Kind Furosemide, EIPH Study In 2-Year-Old Racehorses appeared first on Horse Racing News | Paulick Report.

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Different Jurisdictions, Different MMV Rules Could Play In Baffert’s Favor

As news broke Tuesday of another positive post-race drug test for a Bob Baffert trainee, some readers found themselves wondering — when do these alleged violations begin to add up to a single, long suspension?

The answer to that remains unclear, but it's probably, “They won't.”

After Charlatan and Gamine tested positive for lidocaine following their races at Oaklawn Park this spring, Baffert announced he would be appealing the 15-day suspension given out by the Arkansas Racing Commission.

As reported last week, Baffert-trained Gamine got a positive test post-race for betamethasone after her third-place finish as the favorite in the Grade 1 Kentucky Oaks, but that case has not yet been adjudicated because testing on the split sample is not complete. (If a split sample does come back negative, the commission will not pursue charges against a licensee.)

Finally, the most recent case, a positive test for dextorphan from Merneith – second in a July 25 allowance race at Del Mar – has been confirmed on split sample, but the stewards' hearing into the matter won't take place until Nov. 12.

That means, from a regulatory perspective, none of Baffert's positive tests from this year are closed cases yet.

A hearing will take place on Thursday into whether or not stewards should disqualify Justify or Hoppertunity from 2018 races based on scopolamine positives. The CHRB has already made clear that it is not pursuing action against Baffert's license in either of those cases after a recommendation by equine medical director Dr. Rick Arthur that the positive test likely resulted from hay contaminated with jimsonweed.

Baffert's home base of California provides a sliding scale of suspensions and fines for repeated medication violations in the same penalty class. (Lidocaine and dextorphan carry a Category or Class B penalty in Arkansas and California, while betamethasone carries a Class C penalty in Kentucky.) Per California rules, one Category B offense gets between 30 and 60 days' suspension, but a second offense in two years could carry 60 to 180 days. Currently however, stewards cannot take into account violations from other states when deciding what constitutes a repeat offense in a given penalty category; even if they could, they would have to focus on completed cases, meaning those not under appeal. That means that under current rules, if California stewards do decide to suspend Baffert for the dextorphan, they'll have to address it as a B violation in a vacuum when deciding on a suspension length or fine amount.

That may seem frustrating to readers who feel Baffert's violations are adding up, even if they are for therapeutic substances. This is the kind of situation a multiple medication violation (MMV) penalty system was designed to address. The MMV, which is in force in the Mid-Atlantic, is supposed to operate similarly to many state systems that assign points to a driver's license for repeat violations. Those points can compound the base fines or suspensions given out for a violation if the license holder is a repeat offender, regardless of the penalty category of previous offenses. The idea is that repeated low-level offenses eventually pack a big enough punch that a trainer will be more careful, even with therapeutic drugs that are regulated but not considered major performance enhancers. In an ideal world, the MMV system is supposed to tally offenses across jurisdictions.

California hasn't yet finalized adoption of MMV language but the rule is in process. The proposed language has completed the 45-day public comment period and is likely to be on the agenda for a Nov. 19 meeting of the CHRB to be publicly heard and (potentially) adopted. Even after that vote, however, a CHRB spokesman said it takes new rules roughly two months to complete the administrative process to become enacted, so California's MMV rule won't be live until early 2021. Part of the proposed rule language to be considered on Nov. 19 would allow stewards to consider violations from other jurisdictions. It remains legally unclear, but seems unlikely, however, that the CHRB could use out-of-state violations occurring before finalization of the MMV rule against a trainer after the rule's implementation.

Kentucky has not yet taken up MMV language. A 2016 initiative by former Kentucky Gov. Matt Bevin aimed at reducing red tape for Kentucky businesses required state agencies to reexamine and simplify existing language, which also slowed the drafting of new regulation.

Arkansas does have MMV language on the books. Currently, Baffert's appeal in Arkansas is still in progress. A spokeswoman for the Arkansas Racing Commission confirmed Wednesday that the case is still in the legal discovery process and no hearing date has been set.

MMV language will only allow officials to take into account points from cases where all appeals have been exhausted. So, Arkansas couldn't issue MMV points unless its appeal was concluded after proceedings in California and Kentucky are complete.

All this means that, if Kentucky officials confirm the betamethasone overage and California officials proceed with a suspension and/or fine for the dextorphan overage, they will likely be required to consider each case in their state's bubble, which would suggest fairly mild sanctions for each.

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NY Times Names Gamine As Oaks-Day Positive; Robertson Expresses Concern

The Kentucky Horse Racing Commission (KHRC) is conducting a follow-up investigation of a class C medication positive detected in a sample returned from Kentucky Oaks day, according to a KHRC statement Thursday. Joe Drape of The New York Times reported in a story published at 6:43 p.m. that it was the Kentucky Oaks third-place finisher Gamine who returned the positive test, citing “two people familiar with the results of the drug test who requested anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the issue publicly.”

“The Derby day samples were ‘cleared,’ showing no irregularities,” the statement from the KHRC read. “The Oaks day samples returned a finding for a class C medication in one (1) primary sample.”

The Kentucky Oaks was run at Churchill Downs this year on Sept. 4. The results “should be available” in November, a KHRC spokesperson confirmed. This year’s Breeders’ Cup is scheduled for Nov. 6 and 7.

According to the statement, “the KHRC will follow its established regulatory process in conducting a follow-up investigation of this matter. The name of the horse, trainer and owner will not be released at this time, “in accordance with that process,” the statement read.

Gamine is trained by Bob Baffert, whose attorney Craig Robertson expressed concern over Drape’s story and the fact that the result had been leaked. He released the following statement.

“The current reporting on Gamine is inaccurate and needs to be cleared up. First, Betamethasone is a legal, commonly used anti-inflammatory medication. It is not a `banned substance.’ Second, the medication was administered to Gamine on August 17 by her veterinarian and on the veterinarian’s recommendation. Importantly, the veterinarian followed established medical and regulatory guidelines in administering the medication. The withdrawal guidelines published by the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission recommend that the medication not be given within 14 days of a race. In this instance, as an additional layer of protection, Gamine’s veterinarian last treated her with Betamethasone 18 days before the Oaks.

“Gamine’s test revealed 27 picograms of Betamethasone. The current threshold in Kentucky is 10 picograms. The situation with Gamine highlights two issues that are very troubling and must be addressed by the racing industry. First, the thresholds for many lawful medications such as Betamethasone are way too low. A picogram is a trillionth of a gram. 27 picograms is a minuscule amount that would not affect a thousand pound animal. The regulations governing racing must be ones that are related to pharmacology in a horse as opposed to how sensitive labs can test. Second, trainers and veterinarians must be able to rely on guidelines given them by racing officials. If they are told by regulators that a medication will clear a horses system in 14 days, they must be able to rely on that information.”

Robertson said he was also troubled by the fact that the results of the initial sample had again been leaked to The New York Times.

“It’s very troubling,” said Robertson in an email to the TDN. “There are good reasons why the rules require confidentiality until the split sample comes back and the stewards make a decision. The fact that racing commissions, with increasing frequency, do not abide by their own rules and information is wrongly leaked, poisoning an individual’s right to due process, is inexcusable. The rules are applicable to all parties and racing commissions must abide by the very rules they seek to enforce.”

The KHRC’s official laboratory, Industrial Laboratories in Colorado, conducted the initial analysis.

Churchill Downs carded 13 races on Kentucky Oaks day, including six stakes. The headline act was the GI Longines Kentucky Oaks, won by Shedaresthedevil, with subsequent GI Preakness S. winner Swiss Skydiver second and the favorite, Gamine, back in third.

The post NY Times Names Gamine As Oaks-Day Positive; Robertson Expresses Concern appeared first on TDN | Thoroughbred Daily News | Horse Racing News, Results and Video | Thoroughbred Breeding and Auctions.

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KHRC: Derby Day Samples Cleared, But One ‘Class C’ Positive Found In Oaks Day Sample

Post-race testing from the delayed Kentucky Oaks and Derby days at Churchill Downs (held on Sept. 4 and Sept. 5, respectively) has been completed, according to the Kentucky Horse Racing Commission. A statement released by the Kentucky Public Protection Cabinet indicated that all samples from Derby day were cleared. However, the KHRC will be investigating a Class C medication which was found in one sample from Oaks day.

No specifics were given about the name of the horse, owner, or trainer involved in the positive, but a KHRC spokesperson told the Thoroughbred Daily News that results are expected in November.

“The Kentucky Horse Racing Commission's official laboratory, Industrial Laboratories (Wheat Ridge, CO), has returned all post-race sample results from both the Kentucky Derby day and Kentucky Oaks day races,” the statement read. “The Derby day samples were 'cleared,' showing no irregularities. The Oaks day samples returned a finding for a class C medication in one (1) primary sample. The KHRC is following its regulatory process in conducting a follow-up investigation of this matter. Accordingly, the names involved will be released at the completion.”

Examples of Class C medications can be found here on the KHRC website.

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