infection | Horse Racing Free Tips

Bacterial Infection Linked To Abortions In Japanese Mares

Mycobacterial infections, which are generally uncommon in horses, have been linked to ten abortions in Japanese mares. The mares were housed on seven Thoroughbred farms in the Hidaka district of Hokkaido. There were no reports of direct contact between the horses.

Dr. Yuta Kinoshita studied the abortions, which took place from 2018 to 2019. Most of the placentas had a yellowish-white exudate on them and included considerable lesions. Lesions aren't common with pathogenic bacteria like Streptococcus zooepidemicus and Escherichia coli.

Researchers located Mycobacterial granulomas on the placenta and the fetal organs. Bacterial samples were taken from both of these areas, with the greatest number of bacteria found in the necrotic placental lesions. The bacteria were genetically tested and identified as Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis. The strains were all identical, suggesting that the horses had been infected by the same unknown contagious source.

Read the case report here.

Study: Massive Doses Of Antibiotics Many Not Be Needed Post-Surgery

Horses who undergo colic surgery are often given a five-day round of antibiotics to fight off possible infection after the surgery is complete. A new study has shown that a single antibiotic injection could provide the same amount of protection.

Dr. Sabita Diana Stöckle notes that many human and veterinary surgeries conclude with a round of short-term (24-hour) antibiotic treatment to reduce the risk of disease. For colic surgery, however, it's common for antibiotics to be administered for well over 24 hours.

Stöckle and her colleagues used 67 horses that had undergone colic surgery to compare the standard five-day course of antibiotics to a single-shot dose. Thirty of the horses received a single shot of penicillin and gentamicin once before the surgery. Some horses also received an additional shot during surgery if needed. The other 37 horses received the standard, five-day antibiotic protocol.

The study team found no significant differences in post-operative adverse issues between the two groups; there was minimal difference in the amount of colitis, hemolytic anemia or surgical site infections. They suggest that the single antibiotic dose may be an effective alternative to the common, five-day protocol, if proper hygiene and close patient monitoring also occurs.

Read the article here.

Two-Time Grade 1 Winner Bowies Hero Euthanized Due To Laminitis Complications

Trainer Phil D'Amato told the Daily Racing Form on Monday that two-time Grade 1 winner Bowies Hero had to be euthanized due to complications of laminitis. The 7-year-old son of Artie Schiller had undergone treatment for a right front leg infection at a local veterinary clinic, but his body stopped responding.

“It's a hard situation,” D'Amato said. “It's a tough loss for the entire barn, the owners. He will be greatly missed.”

Bowies Hero's biggest wins came in the G1 Frank Kilroe Mile at Santa Anita in March of 2018 and the G1 Shadwell Mile at Keeneland in October of 2019. The gelding won a total of eight races from 28 starts to earn $1,592,720.

Diarrhea: Deadly Or Just A Drag?

Equine enthusiasts are taught early in their foray into horse ownership that any type of abnormal hgorse stool is a concern—whether that means the horse has diarrhea or is not passing manure at all. Though no passing of manure is of great concern, diarrhea can be as well.

Changes in diet are the No. 1 cause of diarrhea; they can also be hardest to identify—and rectify. If a horse's diarrhea is bad enough to call the vet, there are two main possibilities: that the horse has a chronic issue that will be very hard to find and treat or that the horse is very sick and could infect other horses in his barn or pasture.

Diarrhea occurs when the digestive tract is not working properly; in particular, when there is a disruption in the large intestine. The large intestine can absorb as much as 30 gallons of water a day; when it can't absorb the water, it is excreted in manure.

Diarrhea is a symptom, not a disease—it can occur when a horse eats too many carbohydrates or when he has ingested too much sand. Diarrhea can be a symptom of something minor to life-threatening. But how to tell which is which? Questions to help decide if the horse's health is at risk include:

Is he uncomfortable? If the horse is pawing or looking at his flanks and acting colicky, the situation may be serious.
Does the horse have a fever? This could indicate he has an infection, which is more serious.
How long has the horse had diarrhea? Acute-onset diarrhea is more concerning that a low-grade diarrhea that's been present for months.
Has he been around another horse that has diarrhea? This increases his risk of infection.
Does lab work show a low white cell count or a decrease in proteins? These are concerning.

If the vet doesn't feel that his condition is life threatening, she may suggest adjusting the horse's diet. Many vets believe horses are susceptible to orchard grass hay and suggest eliminating it from the horse's diet to see if the diarrhea clears up. Removing NSAIDs and antibiotics from a horse's management can also help (if possible).

Proper parasite control is key, and investigating the use of prebiotics or probiotics won't hurt. Additionally, protecting the tissue of the affiliated horse's intestinal tract is also important: Using products designed sooth tissues, like those that contain smectite clay or bismuth subsalicylate, are worth investigating to try to get his diarrhea under control.