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New Test Can Detect Bisphosphonate Three Years After Administration

A new study may give regulators the key to better regulate bisphosphonate use in racing. Controversy has surrounded bisphosphonate use since the drug became approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in horses. Bisphosphonates are labeled for adult horses battling navicular syndrome and similar chronic conditions that don't respond to other types of treatment.

The FDA has licensed two bisphosphonates, which are sold under the trade names Tildren and Osphos. The Horse reports that there are other, non-licensed versions of bisphosphonates marketed for horses which are not FDA-approved. Those non-approved products are advertised as being more powerful than the two approved versions.

The FDA prohibits the use of bisphosphonates in horses younger than four years old, but some owners and trainers continue to use the product off-label on young horses. Bisphosphonates impact the build-up/breakdown cycle in bone, which veterinarians say could have negative effects on growing animals.

Dr. Christopher Riggs, chief advisor in veterinary science at The Hong Kong Jockey Club, studied 24 Thoroughbreds who had received a single therapeutic dose of tiludronate disodium between one month to three years earlier. The research team then tested blood plasma and urine samples using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography high‐resolution mass spectrometry, a new testing technology. The tests found traces of tiludronate disodium in every sample.

Previously, testing was only able to detect bisphosphonates in equine blood or urine if it had been administered in the last 40 days. Hair testing could detect an administration from months prior, but is limited in its ability to pinpoint the time of administration.

Researchers believe the drug lingers on the surface of bone, occasionally releasing back into the horse's body for months or years, but little is known about how long that effect could go on. The drug may be more detectable in horses that are going through training and rest periods that affect bone remodeling.

New York Anti-Slaughter Bill Passes Both Houses

Both houses of the New York State Assembly have now passed legislation that would prohibit the slaughter of racehorses and breeding stock for both Thoroughbreds and Standardbreds.

The bill will make it illegal to slaughter racehorses or to “import, export, sell, offer to sell or barter, transfer, purchase, possess, transport, deliver, or receive” a horse for slaughter, or to direct another person to do the same. Violations of the law will be misdemeanors punishable by a $1,000 to $2,500 fine per horse, which is doubled for repeat offenders. The proceeds from such fines will help fund aftercare programs.

The new law will also require owners to show proper documentation of transfer of ownership, with liability for a horse's whereabouts falling to the last individual in the Jockey Club's chain of ownership records. It will also require all racing and breeding stock to be microchipped.

The New York Racing Association already has an anti-slaughter policy stating that any owner or trainer found to have sold a horse for slaughter will have stalls permanently revoked.

“This legislation positions New York as the national leader when it comes to responsibly protecting our retired racehorses,” said NYRA president and CEO Dave O'Rourke. “NYRA is proud to have long supported all elements of this important legislation because it reflects our commitment to thoroughbred aftercare. We thank Senator Joe Addabbo and Assembly Member Gary Pretlow, Chairs of the Senate and Assembly Racing, Gaming and Wagering Committees, for prioritizing the health and safety of thoroughbreds in New York.”

The New York Thoroughbred Horsemen's Association also expressed support of the legislation.

“NYTHA and all our members are gratified that we are able to work with animal advocates both within the sport and in the legislature to achieve this historic legislation benefitting horses that are bred and raced in New York,” said NYTHA president Joe Appelbaum.

“This effort was a hard fought and long overdue recognition of an issue that has, for years gone under the radar. Equines have, for centuries benefitted the world, and served to advance the human condition,” said Gary Pretlow, chair of the Assembly's Standing Committee on Racing and Wagering. “It is impossible to think about our lives today without gratitude for their service and usefulness, and in the racing industry, wonderment at their astonishing speed, agility, power, and gracefulness. Yet for all their value and the joy they bring to us, they often suffer from inhumane treatment by the very industries they benefit. This bill is a strong step in the direction of rectifying this and I am proud to have sponsored and championed it.”

The legislation will go into effect Jan. 1, 2022.

The post New York Anti-Slaughter Bill Passes Both Houses appeared first on Horse Racing News | Paulick Report.

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Safe Removal Of Ticks Imperative To Horse Health

Ticks are prevalent in many areas of the country this year and keeping them off horses can seem like a never-ending battle. Though the tiny, hard-bodied arachnids are difficult to see, removing them is imperative to keeping horses free from the life-threatening diseases they carry.

Ticks are equipped with powerful jaws, so removing them from a horse can be difficult. Though it can be tempting, don't crush or twist the tick when trying to get it off the horse. Although many people try, smothering the tick with baby oil or petroleum jelly or touching the tick with a lit match isn't the best strategy. It can potentially cause more harm if the tick regurgitates blood into the horse, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Ticks can transmit Lyme disease, equine infectious anemia, piroplasmosis or equine granulocytic anaplasmosis.

Tick bites make horses itchy, but in large numbers they can cause more than just discomfort: they can cause enough blood loss to make the horse anemic. The best way to remove a tick is to use tweezers and grab the tick where it's attached to the skin. Using a steady force, pull the tick straight out and wash the area with an antiseptic solution.

Horse owners who are unsure what types of ticks thrive in their area should contact their local extension agent.

New Study Will Help Determine Exercise Effects On Bone Health

Researchers at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) are investigating whether mile-long trot sets might protect foals from leg fractures later in life. Leg fractures can happen in any horse, but lower leg fractures are of more concern in horses that race or jump competitively. Most fractures occur in horses that are between two and 10 years old.

Dr. Annette McCoy, Assistant Professor of Equine Surgery at the UIUC College of Veterinary Medicine and member of the research team, notes that mild exercise early in life stimulates bone growth in horses – particularly in areas prone to fracture — though how is not completely understood. McCoy will see if parallels can be drawn from human medical studies, which have shown that kids who exercise are less prone to injury as adolescents and adults. The bone changes the human subjects experience from exercise seem to be sustained over time.

McCoy and her team will study 12 Standardbred foals housed on the university farm beginning when they are eight weeks old. The scientists will perform a baseline CT exam to measure bone density and volume on the forelegs of each foal. The foals will then be split into two groups: one group will complete an eight-week exercise plan where they trot rapidly over 1,500 yards once a day, five days per week; the second group will serve as the control and will not be exercised. In a previous study, McCoy found that foals living outside were relatively inactive nearly 85 percent of the time.

At 16 weeks old, the foal's forelegs will be scanned again to compare bone development. At 12 months old, a final CT scan will be performed. A computer model will predict the effects of exercise interventions on bone properties.