2023 Mating Plans, Presented by Spendthrift: Edwin Anthony, Shortleaf Stable

As we approach the opening of the 2023 breeding season, the TDN staff is once again sitting down with leading breeders to find out what stallions they have chosen for their mares, and why. Here's what Edwin Anthony of Shortleaf Stable had to say about their broodmare band for 2023.

I subscribe to the same school of thought as pedigree gurus like Ken McLean, Alan Porter and Anne Peters when it comes to trying to concentrate the influence of the most effective foundation mares and families. My first job in the horse business (after hotwalker) was doing pedigree research for journalist and consultant Bill Oppenheim at Racing Update, so I learned to compile databases and the importance of recognizing patterns.  During that time, I also got to know Roger Lyons, who helped to build the CompuSire computer program for looking at hypothetical matings back to the sixth generation, which I still use.

Using those tools, skills, and nearly 40 years of my own research and experience, I'm able to work with my father (owner of Shortleaf Stable) in arranging our mare bookings each season. It's always a good idea to keep an open mind and look at all parts of a mare's pedigree to forecast what might work for her. You also want to incorporate some common sense regarding size, soundness, speed, stamina and keeping your long-term goals in mind, including staying within a realistic budget. Shortleaf races all of the stock that we breed, so we have a ceiling on what we're willing to spend on each stud fee, since we'd like to see the resulting foal earn back as much of our investment as it can.

PANGBURN (m, 11, Congrats—It's True Love, by Yes It's True), booked to Good Magic

We raced this mare after purchasing her as a yearling. She's a big mare, but was precocious and a very sound racehorse, placing in several graded stakes. She has been a good match for Hard Spun (dam of SW Caddo River by him and a just-turned 2-year-old full-brother that is one of our top prospects), so we decided to send her to GOOD MAGIC, who is out of a mare by Hard Spun. Curlin (sire of Good Magic) has an outstanding record on the A.P. Indy cross, and I have concentrated on Hard Spun's blood with her because he carries Roberto and she carries Dixieland Band. When they are combined in pedigrees, you get linebreeding to full-sisters, and I have seen that combination work with great success for decades. It just keeps working.

BENNER ISLAND (m, 9, Speightstown—Spacy Tracy, by Awesome Again), booked to Bolt d'Oro

This mare was another yearling sale purchase and was very fast and classy, winning a Grade II on Derby Day, sprinting. We like to send her to stallions that would logically add some stamina. The obvious choice would be Medaglia d'Oro, since he has nicked so well with Speightstown in pedigrees, but he's always been out of our price range. Since he was so popular at the sales and showed some good results with his first crop of runners, we elected to go with Medaglia d'Oro's son BOLT D'ORO, who is out of a mare by A.P. Indy, which should add some stamina genes as well. In addition, Bolt d'Oro is from the Sadler's Wells sire line and Benner Island carries Nureyev, so having those three or four brothers in a pedigree can't hurt, since they have combined so well.

REEF POINT (m, 10, Giant's Causeway—Dixie City, by Dixie Union), booked to Daredevil

Yet another yearling purchase, this mare didn't have much interest in being a racehorse, but she is from the family of Dehere, out of a Grade II winner, and by a leading broodmare sire, so we never hesitated in spending money on her stud fees. She is the dam of MGSW Bubble Rock (on turf), by More Than Ready. That was an easy mating to come up with given all of the success that More Than Ready has had in reinforcing the influence of Almahmoud through her grandsons Northern Dancer and Halo. There are numerous examples of combining stallions with inverted pedigrees, achieving “balanced” inbreeding/linebreeding through sons and daughters of the same ancestors. This is achieved when you cross Southern Halo (son of Halo, daughter of Northern Dancer) with Giant's Causeway (carries a son of Northern Dancer and a daughter of Halo). Since More Than Ready is no longer with use, a good choice for this mare was More Than Ready's son, DAREDEVIL. He's out of a mare by Forty Niner, who is in turn out of a mare by Tom Rolfe (a son of the notable mare Pocahontas). Giant's Causeway carries Tom Rolfe's half-brother Chieftain, and I have seen linebreeding to Pocahontas and the more general family of The Squaw II (Ack Ack, Sham, etc.) work on numerous occasions. 

HOLIDAY'S JEWEL (m, 14, Harlan's Holiday—Denali Red, by Crafty Prospector), booked to Twirling Candy

We bought this mare as a maiden at the Keeneland November Sale. She was a sound campaigner in New York (made 40 starts) and had plenty of stamina. She was another mare in a good position to take advantage of linebreeding to Almahmoud (Halo, Northern Dancer), so we sent her to More Than Ready several times and were rewarded with the GSP filly Caldee from that union. I recognized that she had some other interesting ancestors that made her a good match for Candy Ride's son TWIRLING CANDY, and we have been anxious for our breeding program to have more exposure to Candy Ride's growing influence, so we decided to go that direction with her. Twirling Candy was the choice because Harlan's Holiday is out of a mare by Triple Crown winner Affirmed and Twirling Candy traces to the dam of Affirmed, Won't Tell You (his fifth dam). Harlan's Holiday is also from the important Alanesian/Alablue family and Twirling Candy has three crosses of that family close up in his pedigree–via Ride the Rails and Cryptoclearance (sire and grandsire of Candy Ride), as well as Boldnesian (grandsire of Seattle Slew).

MERRY MITTENS (m, 13, Harperstown–Weatherfield, by Elusive Quality) booked to Plainsman

This mating is the very definition of “homebred.” We raced the sire Harperstown (SP son of Devil's Bag–Halo, from a mare by Northern Dancer) and stood him in Arkansas. We had a couple of full-sisters by Elusive Quality that we bred that were out of a daughter of our classic winner Pine Bluff (a son of Danzig–Northern Dancer, from a mare by Halo). We've had good luck reinforcing all of this Almahmoud blood (Halo, Northern Dancer) so we bred both of the Elusive Quality mares (with Pine Bluff) to Harperstown. From those unions, we got the very legit GSW Trace Creek (an allowance winner at Churchill and Keeneland) and this mare, an open allowance winner sprinting and the dam of Arkie-bred SW Sekani. She makes a lot of sense for our new stallion PLAINSMAN (a son of Flatter that won three graded stakes for us) since he needs some mares with speed and this mating results in linebreeding to three sets of full-siblings–Devil's Bag and his brother Saint Ballado, Hero's Honor and his sister Wild Applause, and Graustark and his brother His Majesty. We'll know in about four years if it was a good idea.

Interested in sharing your own mating plans? Email garyking@thetdn.com.

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Flightline Leads TCA Stallion Season Auction Roster

The Thoroughbred Charities of America Stallion Season Auction presented by Mt. Brilliant will begin Wednesday, Jan. 4 at 9 a.m. and run through Friday, Jan. 6, with staggered closing times starting at 4:30 p.m. ET.  Nearly 200 seasons will be available for online bidding on Equiring.com.  Select seasons to Constitution, Flightline, Good Magic, Maxfield (with 2024 breed back), Nashville (with 2024 breed back), Not This Time, Nyquist (with 2024 breed back), Olympiad, and Quality Road will be sold at the 'Tis the Seasons Celebration on Sunday, January 8 at the Grand Reserve in Lexington, Ky. Tickets can be purchased here.

“This is a spectacular list of seasons,” said Mike McMahon president of TCA. “It's going to be one of the most exciting auctions we have ever held.”

Bidders or their authorized agents may bid on select seasons by attending the event in-person or they may email ehalliwell@tca.org to register to bid online or by phone. Non-season items including a John Deere ZTrak mower, an eighth pole from Keeneland Race Course, a meet and greet with Flightline, a condo in St. Thomas, and week-long stay at a Florida beach house will also be offered in the live auction.

Additionally, an online silent auction of non-season items including halters worn by Tapit, Gun Runner, and Jack Christopher, a Florida Derby package, artwork, unique experiences, and more will be offered. A list of silent auction items is available here.

Maggi Moss will be honored with the Allaire du Pont Leadership Award and Second Stride will be honored with the Ellen and Herb Moelis Industry Service Award for their dedication to Thoroughbred aftercare.

The auction is generously sponsored by Mt. Brilliant, Bourbon Lane Stable Retirement Fund, Limestone Bank, Coolmore America, Equine Medical Associates, Top Line Sales, Equine Medical of Ocala, L.V. Harkness & Co., BloodHorse, Paulick Report, Daily Racing Form, and Thoroughbred Daily News.

For further information regarding the 33rd annual TCA Stallion Season Auction including please visit the TCA website or call (859) 276-4989.

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2022 Leading First-Crop Sire Race: And the Winner Is…

By a total margin of more than $275,000, pending any late foreign money, Spendthrift Farm's Bolt d'Oro (Medaglia d'Oro) handily captured the title of 2022's leading first-year sire over an impressive list of promising freshman stallions that included 2017 juvenile champion Good Magic (Curlin), who stands at Hill 'n' Dale Farm, and Coolmore's Triple Crown winner and 2018 Horse of the Year Justify (Scat Daddy). The top three battled neck and neck down to the wire with Bolt d'Oro pulling away from Good Magic in the last few days of the year to claim the win, with Justify checking in third.

Developing a leading freshman sire was an especially sweet victory for the connections of two-time GI winner Bolt d'Oro, who was finally able to turn the tables on Justify after finishing behind him in their only two meetings on the track.

“It's really exciting obviously,” Spendthrift Farm general manager Ned Toffey said. “It's a really nice way to cap off the year. We have the perennial leading sire (Into Mischief) and to add the leading freshman sire is certainly a feather in our cap. It is a credit to the entire team at Spendthrift Farm and the ownership group, the breeders and the buyers at auction. As the year unfolded it was nice to see (Bolt d'Oro) gain momentum to not only have sprinters but also runners who could go two turns.”

Bolt d'Oro was bred to 214 mares in 2019 with 168 live foals reported, of which 80 started and 29 won. Overall, his first crop earned $2,810,095 in 2022 and he was represented by 15 stakes runners and six stakes winners, including GII winners Instant Coffee and Major Dude. He stood for $25,000 in his initial year at stud, dropped to $15,000 in 2020 and after a year at $20,000 will stand for a fee of $35,000 in 2023.

“This is a horse (the late Spendthrift owner B. Wayne Huges) was very excited about,” Toffey said. “Bolt d'Oro came to Spendthrift at about the time Medaglia d'Oro was at the top of his game and a big international sire, and Mr. Hughes was pretty positive about this horse. He was one who really captured his imagination and I think he'd be very proud right now. Like Mr. Hughes would say, 'It's genetic roulette,' and I think we got lucky here.”

Good Magic, who covered 164 mares for 134 live foals in his first crop, saw 22 of his 65 starters reach the winner's circle, his entire first crop banking $2,533,194. GI Champagne S. winner Blazing Sevens was his top performer, and he was also represented by GII winners Dubyunhell and Vegas Magic. He had six score in black-type company in 2022 overall, of which four earned graded honors. He stood for an initial fee of $35,000, which was boosted to $50,000 for 2023.

Justify, who stood for $150,000 in his first year at Ashford Stud, covered 252 mares in 2019 and was represented by 180 live foals in 2020. He saw 29 of his 71 starters reach the winner's circle for $2,478,038, with Irish G2 winner Statuette being his most successful runner. He was also represented by GIII winners Just Cindy and Champions Dream in the U.S. He is advertised for $100,000 in 2023.

Other notable sires to finish behind the top three were Army Mule (Friesan Fire), who stands at Hill 'n' Dale for a fee of $12,500 in 2023 and whose offspring earned $2,045,440; and Three Chimneys Farm's Sharp Azteca (Freud), who is advertised for a fee of $15,000 and whose first crop of runners earned $1,914,292.

Bolt d'Oro joins an impressive recent list of leading first-year sires that includes Gun Runner (Candy Ride {Arg}), Nyquist (Uncle Mo) and American Pharoah (Pioneerof the Nile).

Final Earnings Standings through Dec. 31, 2022 (pending last-minute foreign earnings):
1st—Bolt d'Oro, $2,810,0956
2nd—Good Magic, $2,533,194
3rd—Justify, $2,478,038

The TDN sire lists contain full-dollar earnings of Northern Hemisphere foals winning anywhere in the world. To view the current standings updated overnight, click here.

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Mischief’s Fourth Title Again Raises the Bar

It is beginning to feel as ingrained a New Year ritual as the concert in Vienna: the raising of a toast not just to another record year for Into Mischief, but to the way his reign has become an apt symbol of our times.

After all, the whole point of marking the turn of a year-it's just another leaf in the calendar, really, just one more sunrise in the indefinite (but never infinite!) sequence we are apportioned-is to take a step back and see whether we can discern a fresh footprint in the sands of time. So many trends unfold too gradually to be observed, but so long as this horse is around it seems that we will continue to witness history in the making.

For in bestriding the general sires' list for the fourth consecutive year, Into Mischief gives us a snapshot not just of his own sheer potency, but of the industry we live and work in today. On the one hand, he must again be credited with unprecedented achievement: once again he has beaten his own earnings record, this time soaring to $28.17 million after tipping $25 million in 2021, and miles clear of the $22.51 million that had already raised the bar in 2020. At the same time, however, we must acknowledge the role of sheer quantity alongside the undoubted quality that has both driven and followed the steep elevation of his fee.

Through December 29, Into Mischief had fielded a bewildering 475 individual starters in 2022. Gun Runner–who admittedly started out with the advantages that eluded the young Into Mischief, as a Horse of the Year with mares eligible for a $70,000 fee–has banked just over half as much prizemoney ($14.84 million) from just 137 starters from two crops. That works out at $108,320 per starter, against $59,314 for the champion.

So we must immediately venture a polite question: is the sire who again shattered records in 2022, though indisputably one of the game-changers of the modern breed, even the stallion of the year?

Look, we all understand the numbers game as it is played these days. Gun Runner himself was up to 248 mares last spring; and of the dozen others to have entertained as many as the 202 mares equal to Into Mischief's fee, which had just been increased to $250,000, eight have yet to send a single runner into the gate.

But the fact is that his fertility and libido, indices of prowess almost as remarkable as his genetic effectiveness, have long enabled Into Mischief to maintain industrial turnover even as his fee catapulted from its famously low starting base. Sure enough, 234 individual winners in 2022 exceed the 221 that gave Into Mischief a record in his first year as champion, albeit not quite matching up to the staggering 261 he clocked last year. (No other stallion has ever hit 200.)

But if we are looking at the most prolific champion sire in the story of the breed, the remarkable fact is that his efficiency has never been eroded. In terms of the production of elite stock, his 2022 ratios keep Into Mischief more or less in step with Curlin, whose own sensational year places him third on $19.43 million (from 263 starters, earning an average $73,949). Into Mischief's 26 black-type and 15 graded stakes winners respectively came at 5.5 and 3.2 percent of starters; Curlin had a dozen and 10, at 4.6 and 3.8 percent. (All these figures, by the way, are accessible on the TDN database and correct through December 29; the final record will require some updating with plenty of good sport on New Year's Eve.)

By this kind of gauge, however, nobody can hold a candle to the start made by Gun Runner. With only two crops on the track, he has risen as high as sixth but the real story is here, in his ratio of elite stock. His 28 stakes operators in 2022 represent 20.4 percent of starters; while at the most demanding end of the spectrum, he had 10 horses placed in Grade I races at an incredible 7.3 percent-double his nearest pursuer on those terms, Arrogate, whose four Grade I horses all actually won at that level and represented 3.6 percent of his starters.

Gun Runner | Sarah Andrew

It must be acknowledged that Gun Runner's second crop of juveniles has hitherto failed conspicuously to come anywhere near the record returns of their predecessors. His debut crop produced 31 juvenile winners, six in stakes, and banked $4.32 million; this lot stand at 18 winners, none at black-type level, and $1.43 million. Given the way Gun Runner thrived in maturity, of course, his own template would have made that appear a very solid base but for the freakish standards he had set himself. What's really encouraging, either way, is that the surprising precocity of his first crop has indeed proved to be only a foundation.

Gun Runner's first sophomores have included four individual Grade I winners and their collective bank of $13.41 million, from 90 starters earning an average $149,007, puts him clear even of another thriving young stallion, Not This Time, who banked $7.09 million from just 65 sophomore starters (averaging $109,105).

Not This Time, naturally well clear on the third-crop table, is up to 10th in the general sires' list with $12.68 million from 163 starters in 2022, and his ratio of stakes action (14 winners at 8.6 percent of starters; 28 black-type performers at 17.2 percent) remains exceptional. His basic strike-rate of winners-to-starters, tipping 60 percent, was also exemplary.

The stock bequeathed by Gun Runner's tragic classmate Arrogate, after a contrastingly slow start, made exactly the kind of progress anticipated for his rival granted maturity and a second turn, similarly ending the campaign with four elite scorers. Another to match that feat was American Pharoah, consolidating his own reputation among relatively young sires, but in terms of Grade I winners they were all looking up at a stallion who has really stood the test of time.

With six in 2022, including three at the Breeders' Cup, Curlin remains one of the biggest of the big hitters as he turns 19. In 2021, don't forget, he had been the only stallion to muster five Grade I winners. He was third then, too, having been runner-up in 2019 and 2016: over recent years, then, perhaps this is the best champion stallion we've never had. In 2022, moreover, one of his sons sired the GI Kentucky Derby winner; and another, Good Magic, has narrowly missed the freshman crown. Curlin is now priced commensurately with this ever more impressive resume, up to $225,000 from $175,000.

In the general list, however, Curlin finds himself sandwiched between two whose standing partly reflects another aspect of our much changed landscape. Quality Road, runner-up with $20.84 million, and Tonalist, fourth with $16.73 million, respectively owe 48 and 65 percent of their hauls to the desert plunder of a single horse, Emblem Road and Country Grammar being the latest to menace with distortion the longstanding system for identifying the champion sire.

We have had a glimpse of what can happen in 2017, when Unbridled's Song secured a posthumous title exclusively through Arrogate's lucrative wins in the GI Pegasus and G1 Dubai World Cup in the first quarter, but for which he would have finished 44th. One of Into Mischief's principal services, then, has been to restore a correlation between prizemoney and consistent merit. Even when he had Authentic, who banked 32 percent of his total in 2020, he would have been champion without his Horse of the Year; and the same would clearly be true this time round, when his premier earner Life Is Good has contributed 12 percent.

All that said, we are glad to record our esteem for both the Lane's End pair: Quality Road has definitively broken into the elite, on the track as in the ring, actually producing his 2022 black-type winners and performers at a marginally superior rate to both Into Mischief and Curlin; while Tonalist amply deserves his day in the sun, having long punched above weight at a fee that trades 20 Tonalist covers to one by his neighbor. With half a dozen other graded stakes operators besides Country Grammer, in fact, in 2022 Tonalist has had action in that sphere at a ratio that essentially matches even the feted Munnings, who achieves a third consecutive top 10 finish, while comfortably surpassing many other sires commanding much higher fees.

If Into Mischief can avoid a desert ambush-someday a single horse will strike gold in both Saudi Arabia and Dubai to anoint as champion a sire meanwhile discarded to South America-then he must have half an eye on the storied seven-year streak of Bold Ruler himself, now that he has eclipsed the three-year sequences since run up by Tapit (2014-2016) and Danzig (1991-1993).

Even now, remember, Into Mischief remains on a rising tide. The extra “stretch” bestowed by his classier mares has already produced consecutive Derby winners conceived at $45,000 and $75,000, and the latter fee also sufficed to conceive Life Is Good, himself now retiring as a six-figure cover. Into Mischief's next two crops of juveniles emerge from books of 250 mares at $175,000 in 2020, and 214 at $225,000 in 2021.

It feels inevitable, then, that Into Mischief will ultimately overhaul Tapit as the leading North American stallion of all time, by earnings; at the present rate, indeed, he might still do so even if he suddenly decided tomorrow morning that he doesn't like girls anymore. In the meantime, however, having endured his first ever year without a Grade I winner in 2021, Tapit resumed business as usual with three in 2022, Flightline and friends taking him to seventh on $14.7 million (from 229 starters at $64,219 apiece).

Mention of Danzig obliges us to remind ourselves how he became champion freshman in 1984 with 11 winners from 13 starters. These included nine stakes horses and three Grade I winners including the champion juvenile. Two made the Derby podium the following May. How the world has changed. But there's little point dwelling here, yet again, on the inundation of the modern marketplace with stock by unproven sires. We know most will prove duds; while we also know that some first books, being typically the biggest and best a stallion will ever have, will duly maintain the cycle of demand by producing top runners.

This year's rookies have certainly played their part, no fewer than six of them featuring among the top 10 in the overall juvenile sires' table. Their internal competition has been fiercely contested, but Bolt D'Oro has closed out the year strongest of the three protagonists and appears poised to claim the title. Good Magic and Justify have both beaten him to a fourth graded stakes winner, and the former also has an elite scorer to his credit in Blazing Sevens, but 15 black-type performers overall for Bolt d'Oro represent an outstanding 19 percent of starters.

Bolt d'Oro | Spendthrift

His $2.76 million obviously doesn't measure up to the freakish tally posted by Gun Runner in 2021, but would have beaten the runner-up and has also surpassed Nyquist in 2020. Obviously Bolt d'Oro had plenty of volume to work with, so the likes of Army Mule and Girvin meanwhile deserve much credit for excelling from a narrower base. Similarly, Oscar Performance, an intriguing prospect with so much room at the top on grass right now.

Leading North American stallion by 2022 turf earnings worldwide is Medaglia d'Oro, though it must be said that he owes around half his tally to his personal ATM in Hong Kong, Golden Sixty. Confined to North American and European theaters, the leading grass stallion would instead be the late English Channel for the third year running-just one more measure of the poignant vacancy created by his loss, along with that of his old rival Kitten's Joy.

Dollars and cents only tell us so much, of course, and the perennial mysteries of this game will abide in 2023. Into Mischief himself initially seized his crown from finishes of 35th, 13th and fourth, earning his stripes as he went, with a little help from some pioneering incentive schemes. The man who presided over his rise, the late B. Wayne Hughes, knew that no champion (even Flightline) is ever 100 percent guaranteed to make it; and equally that not even the most neglected young stallion, like Into Mischief when reduced to 50 mares at $7,500, ever has zero chance. And that, whatever the biggest spenders think they can learn from the Old Year, is also what gives us all some kind of chance as we start a new one.

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