Though colic can occur at any time of year, some gastrointestinal disruptions are more common in specific seasons. Spring, with its warmer weather and greener grass, brings with it a heightened risk of gas colic.
Gas colic occurs when a horse ingests forage that is high in sugar. Excessive fermentation takes place in the gut, which creates an abundance of gas. Horses can't burp, but they can flatulate in an effort to rid themselves of the excess gas. Because a horse's intestinal tract is about 100 feet long, it can be difficult for all the gas to escape. As the gas accumulates, it can stretch the intestinal wall and become painful.
A horse with gas colic may nip at his flanks, be withdrawn or lie down repeatedly. He may have lots of gut noises. Gas colic may clear on its own, but it's best to call the vet if a horse is suspected of having it – gas colic can cause the intestine to twist, which may require surgery to correct.
When called out for a gas colic, the vet will perform a rectal exam to rule out displacements or a blockage. Next, a nasogastric tube will be passed into the horse's stomach to give the gas an extra escape route.
A horse that doesn't have his gas colic fully resolved with the passing of the nasogastric tube may be prescribed an antispasmodic drug and a pain reliever. Once the horse is relaxed, he is often able to pass the gas.
Read more at EQUUS.
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