Study: Is Evolution Driving Improvements In Racehorse Speed?

A new study by experts from the University of Exeter has found that genetic improvement is underlying the increasing speed of Britain's Thoroughbreds. This contrasts with earlier studies that suggested racehorses were showing no genetic improvement in response to selection by breeders.

However, the new study has also revealed that rates of genetic progress are relatively low, particularly over long-distance races. Further research is required to determine what is preventing more rapid improvement.

Researchers analysed a data set of 692,534 race times run by more than 76,000 horses born between 1995-2012. Over sprint, middle-distance and long-distance races, genetic improvement for Thoroughbred speed was found to be ongoing and statistically significant.

The study found that genetic improvement accounts for 60 percent, 55 percent and 17 percent of the total increase in speed observed over short, middle and long distances respectively.

The research also showed that Thoroughbred speed is only weakly heritable across all distances – in part explaining the slow rates of genetic improvement.

The researchers suggest the low rates of genetic improvement also raises the possibility that selection of racehorses for breeding may be weaker than previously assumed, particularly over long distances, or some other constraint may be at play.

Dr Patrick Sharman from the Centre for Ecology and Conservation at the University of Exeter's Penryn Campus in Cornwall said: “There has been plenty of debate over the recent decades whether racehorses have reached a genetic limit to how fast they can run.

“Our analysis suggests that is not the case, and on the contrary, provides strong statistical evidence that racehorses continue to evolve to run faster in Great Britain. The question now is why are rates relatively low, particularly over long-distances?

“We estimated relatively low heritability for racehorse speed which goes some way to explaining it, but it would appear there is more to it. The selection of racehorses for breeding may be less accurate and weaker than generally assumed, particularly over long-distance races, but other factors could be constraining genetic improvement.”

Genetic improvement of speed across distance categories in Thoroughbred racehorses in Great Britain by Patrick Sharman and Alastair J. Wilson is published in Heredity: Genetic improvement of speed across distance categories in Thoroughbred racehorses in Great Britain | Heredity (nature.com)

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Filly By Upstart Breaks Maiden For Rudy Rodriguez

1st-Belmont, $90,000, Msw, 6-2, 2yo, f, 5f, :59.73, ft, 1/2 length.
STATUS SEEKER (f, 2, Upstart–Casual Cocktail, by Magna Graduate) breezed a furlong in :10.1/5 ahead of this year's OBS March sale and was put into training with Rudy Rodriguez, who also retains an ownership interest. Off as the 4-1 third choice here, Status Seeker lost a couple of spots from second up the backstretch, began to rally around the far turn and with good energy down the lane, ran down Permed (Street Boss) to break her maiden at first-asking by a 1/2 length. The winner's dam is responsible for a 3-year-old gelding named Closethegame Sugar (Girvin) and a yearling colt by Preservationist. She was bred back to that sire last year. Sales History: $85,000 Ylg '22 KEESEP; $45,000 2yo '23 OBSMAR. Lifetime Record: 1-1-0-0, $49,500. Click for the Equibase.com chart or VIDEO, sponsored by TVG.
O-Parkland Thoroughbreds, Robert Cotrone, Rudy R. Rodriguez and Israel Chavez; B-Brereton C. Jones (KY); T-Rudy R. Rodriguez.

 

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Maker’s Mark Mile Winner Chez Pierre ‘In Great Shape’ For Poker

Lael Stables' talented Grade 1-winner Chez Pierre is on schedule for a start in the Grade 3, $200,000 Poker, a one-mile Widener turf test for older horses, on Belmont Stakes Day June 10 as part of the three-day Belmont Stakes Racing Festival.

Trained by Arnaud Delacour, Chez Pierre was last seen scoring a dominant victory in the Grade 1 Maker's Mark Mile on April 14 at Keeneland by 3 1/2 lengths over multiple Group/Grade 1-winner Modern Games.

The son of Mehmas pounced from two lengths off the pace under Flavien Prat and took charge at the stretch call, widening his margin down the lane to complete the course in a final time of 1:33.46. The effort was awarded a career-best 106 Beyer Speed Figure. Modern Games exited that race to win the Group 1 Al Shaqab Lockinge at Newbury while third-place finisher Up to the Mark won the Grade 1 Old Forester Turf Classic at Churchill Downs in his next outing.

Chez Pierre has worked four times since the Maker's Mark Mile, most recently covering five furlongs in a bullet 1:00.60 on Saturday over the Fair Hill all-weather surface. Delacour said the 5-year-old gelding will have one more work tomorrow at the Elkton, Maryland training center.

“He'll breeze tomorrow probably a half-mile for maintenance. It was a good work last time and I'm happy with him,” Delacour said. “He's always a pretty good breeze horse, it's just a matter of how much we want to do. We wanted that kind of move, and he did it and came back in great shape.”

Chez Pierre boasts a 6-for-7 lifetime record after beginning his career in France with conditioner Francis-Henri Graffard. He won his first three outings there before moving stateside in the summer of his 3-year-old season.

Delacour said he selected Chez Pierre from the 2020 Arqana December Breeding Stock Sale where he was purchased for $114,164 by Roy and Gretchen Jackson, the owners of Lael Stables.

“Roy and Gretchen Jackson were nice enough to let me spot him at the sale in France,” said Delacour. “A friend of mine bought him on their behalf and we started him in France with Francis-Henri Graffard. He did very well there and he won three races with him. Then, he had a little setback and we found that was the right time to send him to America.”

Chez Pierre won his first American outing by a neck in an optional claimer last March at Tampa Bay Downs before posting a 5 1/2-length victory in the one-mile Henry S. Clark six weeks later at Laurel Park. His lone loss came in the 1 1/16-mile Grade 3 Tampa Bay when racing off a 10-month layoff this February.

Out of the Italian-bred Orpen mare Hortensia, Chez Pierre is a half-brother to the listed stakes-winner Zelda. Hortensia is a half-sister to the graded stakes-winning mare Uraib, as well as Red Vale, the dam of 2009 Grade 1 Breeders' Cup Juvenile winner Vale of York.

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Epsom: Can Auguste Rodin Bounce Back In The Derby?

   For once in these days of volatile climate, the sun is shining on the Surrey Downs and all the righteous colts assembled for the latest G1 Betfred Derby. Lester Piggott, who is commemorated by one of the card's handicaps carrying his name, was always refererred to patronisingly as the “housewife's choice” in the Blue Riband thanks largely to his association with Ballydoyle. Rosegreen's sacred establishment continues to support this mile-and-a-half Classic like a pillar of iron and 2023's chosen one is Auguste Rodin (Ire) (Deep Impact {Jpn}), whose attempt at Nijinsky's Triple Crown came to an abrupt halt in the 2000 Guineas. Of all the Longfellow's Derby winners, none had to conjure a magic-trick turnaround of this nature so Saturday's race carries that bit of extra intrigue.

What Auguste Rodin lacks in last-time-out form, he makes up for with a mix of reputation and juvenile achievement representing the trainer who has continually bent the accepted perceived knowledge of what is possible in this sport. After all, this is the stable that engineered a Slip Anchor-style Derby win out of Serpentine (Ire) (Galileo {Ire}), a colt who had begun his career with a 16-length 10th of 11 in a Galway maiden. Auguste Rodin, the “special” one as far as all closest to him are concerned, has to go and do it himself now with O'Brien summing it up this week. “The Derby is the race where all the horses come together and then you find out, that's the way it is every year,” he said.

Passing It Down; Is Frankel The New Derby Sire Sensation?

In one of the last Classic face-offs between Galileo and Frankel, the latter looks to have a distinct edge in his bid to cement his position as the next go-to sire in this great race. Galileo's unbeaten son Artistic Star (Ire) hails not from Ballydoyle but from the Ralph Beckett stable and is a big outsider with experience in short supply, while Juddmonte's great supplies Frankie's grand finale Arrest (Ire) and more intriguingly also a sleight of hand two years on from his first winner Adayar (Ire). Unexpectedly, that emphatic Derby hero's full-brother Military Order (Ire) comes here with perhaps stronger credentials having won the Listed Lingfield Derby Trial his 5-year-old sibling surrendered en route. When Arthur Budgett's Oaks runner-up Windmill Girl produced two Derby winners in Blakeney and Morston there was a thought that it might not happen again, such is the implausibility of such an outcome, but we are potentially here again.

The 1969 and 1973 winners were half-brothers, so Anna Salai (Dubawi {Ire}) will be providing the race and her breeding operation with something unique if it again plays out right for the boys in blue on Saturday. Godolphin trainer Charlie Appleby said today he is happy with the draw allocated to Military Order as he bids to saddle his third Betfred Derby winner. “He is always going to be going there with the tag as being a Derby winner's full-brother, so everyone is going to ask the questions of 'is he as good?' and 'where does he stand compared to him?' but he looks as though he is physically potentially more there and mentally more there than Adayar at this stage of his career,” Charlie Appleby said. “Regardless of that, Adayar went and won a Derby and this lad has got to go and do it now.”

Prepare For The Ride

Richard Kingscote has the chance to emulate “King Kieren” Fallon, the last jockey to win back-to-back Derbys in 2003 and 2004, on Passenger (Ulysses {Ire}) who carries Workforce-like vibes into this for the Niarchos Family so far denied a Derby triumph. Sir Michael Stoute's assistant James Savage was tellingly not averse to comparing the homebred with last year's winner. “Desert Crown and Passenger are different in many ways, but one thing they are similar in is that they are both clever horses that learnt very quickly,” he said. Like the 1993 hero Commander in Chief, he only appeared for the first time at Newmarket's Craven meeting, where King Power's The Foxes (Ire) (Churchill {Ire}) was running second in the signature race before their subsequent coming together in York's Dante.

An Instant Impression?

Surprisingly, given the intensely competitive nature of the Derby, both Geoff Wragg in 1983 and Roger Charlton in 1990 managed to win it in their first season training with Teenoso and Quest For Fame, respectively. Charlie Johnston is attempting the feat this time with a duo including the G1 Criterium de Saint-Cloud hero Dubai Mile (Ire) (Roaring Lion), who has the edge over the Chester Vase one-two Arrest and Adelaide River (Ire) (Australia {GB}) and very much over Auguste Rodin having finished 17 lengths ahead of that peer in the Guineas.

Sporting the colours of “Mr Derby” Ahmad Al Shaikh, whose outsiders Khalifa Sat (Ire) (Free Eagle {Ire}) and Hoo Ya Mal (GB) (Territories {Ire}) were second in 2020 and 2022, Dubai Mile's Derby success could well have been prophesied by his owner after greeting Hoo Ya Mal. “Next year!” he had said, so no pressure there then Charlie. “He looks great and it is all systems go,” the son of Middleham legend Mark, who fared no better than second in all his tries in the Derby. “The track as we know is a variable that will be an unknown until he has tackled it, but the trip is very much viewed as a positive.”

Click here to view the TDN's Derby Special Edition.

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