A Closer Look At: Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis

In this series, we ask some of the equine health questions you've wondered about but were too afraid to ask. Today, Dr. Bryant Craig, associate director for scientific sales affairs at Merck Animal Health, answers common questions about Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM).  

-Testing for EPM isn't as black-and-white as it is for other diseases. What can diagnostic tests tell us? 

Dr. Craig: While the results aren't a definite yes or no, we can learn from certain diagnostic tools when dealing with a suspected case of EPM. Tests run on the blood sample or serology give us an indication of exposure to the organisms responsible for EPM. If we get a negative result on serology, the odds are almost certain that EPM is not the cause of disease.

A positive result is less clear due to a high exposure rate in many areas of the country and the fact only a small percentage of those exposed end up showing signs of disease. In these cases, a blood sample paired with a sample of cerebrospinal fluid gives us a more certain result when we evaluate the ratio of antibody found in each fluid.

At the end of the day, we must rely on a thorough clinical exam coupled with diagnostic results to make our best-informed decision.

-In recent years it sounds like there may be more than one protozoa associated with EPM; does that change the way the disease presents? 

Dr. Craig: Not really; while there are two proven causes of EPM in Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi and some other proposed organisms, what we see clinically is virtually the same. While we can see a wide variety of symptoms, ataxia, asymmetry, and atrophy are the hallmark signs of an active EPM infection.

-We know that most horses are exposed to EPM but not all of them get sick. Do we know why some horses develop symptoms while others don't? 

Dr. Craig: Most horses' immune systems are able to fight off an EPM infection, but several factors may play a role in a clinical case being presented. We know there are individual variations in a horse's ability to fight infections and those with a lower threshold for this organism will always be at a higher risk.

Rate of exposure can be another factor. Some areas of the country (particularly the southern states and eastern seaboard) have much higher populations of opossums who transmit the disease. Anytime you have more organisms in the environment, the chance of disease is going to be elevated.

Stress also plays a significant role. Any horse that is placed in a situation that may cause anxiety to the animal, suppresses their immune system and therefore increases the probability of disease.

-How is EPM treated? 

Dr. Craig: There are three FDA approved treatments in the marketplace. All of them are administered orally and the treatment period ranges from 28 days to up to 270 days. Protazil® (1.56% diclazuril) Antiprotozoal Pellets is an alfalfa-based pellet that is simply top dressed on the feed once a day for the treatment period.

Marquis® (15% ponazuril) is a paste that is administered orally daily for the duration of treatment.

ReBalance® (sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine) is an oral solution that is administered for a period of between 90 and 270 days.

-At one point, an EPM diagnosis was the end of a horse's riding career; what's the rate of success like for EPM treatment these days? 

Dr. Craig: It depends on how you measure success. If a horse has advanced symptoms or long-term deficits, while we can many times stop the progression of disease, they may never return to original performance levels. However, if we are able to catch the signs early and begin treatment, our chances of returning to normal go much higher.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION:

PROTAZIL® is contraindicated in horses with known hypersensitivity to diclazuril. The safety of Protazil in horses used for breeding purposes, during pregnancy, or in lactating mares, and use with concomitant therapies in horses has not been evaluated. Do not use in horses intended for human consumption. Not for human use. For complete safety information, refer to the product label.

Please refer to Marquis® and ReBalance® product labels for important safety information.

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National Audience Helps Push Hambletonian Card Handle Over $7.6 Million

By Dave Little, Meadowlands Media Relations

The players were out in force on Hambletonian Day at The Meadowlands, as the total handle was $7,656,054 on the 16-race program, eclipsing last year's action by more than $1 million. The total handle and the average per race of $478,503 were both by far 2022 bests.

The betting from foreign organizations – such as the PMU (Pari Mutuel Urbain of France) and ATG (the Swedish entity) – are unavailable for several days, but these figures are likely to push the grand total handle near or past the $9-million mark, a barrier broken only once in Hambo history, when wagering in 2005 (North American and foreign) totaled $9,015,019.

On Saturday, betting on 11 races bettered the $400,000 mark, while five races saw at least $500,000 pushed through the windows. Wagering on The Hambletonian fell just short of $1 million, as a total of $979,627 was put in play, by far the biggest total for any single race during 2022 at The Big M.

“Our handle being way up today is a combination of hard work and dedication,” said Big M Chief Operating Officer and General Manager Jason Settlemoir. “And, obviously, us hooking up with the New York Racing Association team by going on national television through Fox Sports 2 and Fox Sports 1 we think is starting to finally pay off because you are getting a totally different audience with the Thoroughbred players switching over to harness.”

“I am pleasantly surprised at how much our handle was up,” said Settlemoir. “What really shocked me is when I saw the Oaks handle pop up with a total pool of over $855,000. That about knocked me out of my seat. It just goes to show what [President and Chief Executive Officer] Jeff [Gural] and I have said all along that we need to get in front of a national television audience.”

DYNAMIC DUO DOMINANT: Driver Yannick Gingras and trainer Ron Burke have teamed up to win numerous races throughout the years, so many, in fact, that the potent pair were both enshrined into the Harness Racing Hall of Fame last month in Goshen, New York.

Seemingly to prove that was a good decision, Gingras and Burke capped a big Meadowlands Championship Meeting Saturday by finishing well in front of the field in their respective dash-win categories.

Gingras' 108 victories were 28 more than his closest pursuer, Dexter Dunn. Dunn finished on top in the driver's money-earnings race with $3,026,547. He was followed by Tim Tetrick ($2,587,768) and Gingras ($2,519,432).

Burke students won 68 times, well in front of Jeff Cullipher, whose pupils made 40 winner's circle visits. Burke also won the money title as his horses earned $1,676,709. Tony Alagna was next with $1,476,901.

A LITTLE MORE: A modest carryover led to huge action in the 20-cent Pick-6 that was offered on races one through six. The carryover of $12,120 led to $128,228 in “new money” being poured into the pool, for a grand total of $140,348. … Dunn led the driver colony with three winners on the day. … In addition to his Hambo-Oaks sweep, trainer Jim Campbell also took the Continentalvictory for 3-year-old trotting fillies with Misswalner Fashion to finish with a trainer-colony best three victories on the card. … Live harness racing returns to The Meadowlands on Sept. 1.

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Jockey Neil Callan Leads Home Great Britain & Ireland Team In Shergar Cup

Great Britain & Ireland produced a superb team performance to take the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup, winning five of the eight races to end the competition with a mammoth 132 points.

Three of the four jockeys on the team recorded victories during the afternoon, with Neil Callan scoring on Orbaan in the Dubai Duty Free Full Of Surprises Classified Stakes and Adaay In Asia in the closing Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup Sprint.

Those wins helped Callan secure the Alistair Haggis Silver Saddle, presented to the leading jockey at the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup, with 50 points.

Team-mate Jamie Spencer (37 points) enjoyed a double of his own on Themaxwecan in the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup Stayers and Hamaki in the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup Classic.

Kieran Shoemark (33 points) was also on the scoresheet for his team as he guided Pride Of Priory to success in the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup Challenge, with Daniel Tudhope contributing 12 points.

Neil Callan said: “There is nothing to dislike about the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup, it is brilliant. There is great prize money and Ascot make it a family event to come and watch. It is a great day at our premier track and the fields are competitive.

“This is my third time and I have been on the wining team every year, so I am going to have to retire now! And it is great to have my family here.

“I have ridden with a lot of the international jockeys here over the years, all over the world. It is nice to ride against them on a competitive stage.

“The whole concept is great. Look how much coverage there is and people come to watch – it is not just racing people, and betting and punting and all that, it is families here with kids. They are the next generation – this is what we need to be pushing towards.”

Great Britain & Ireland captain Jamie Spencer said: “We drew some decent horses and I had a couple of good chances, although one did not run so well.

“Today we get to see people you don't see. We call Kerrin McEvoy 'The Sting' and it has been so much fun to have The Sting here today, laughing and joking, reminiscing, as we have been hanging out together for the guts of 20 years now. He has been in Melbourne for the last 14 years and Christophe Lemaire is in Japan. We only get to see them once a year.”

The Dubai Duty Free Ride Of The Day Award went to Joanna Mason for her victory on Amanzoe in the opening Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup Curtain Raiser Classified Stakes – one of three wins on the day for the Ladies team.

She said: “The whole day has just been amazing and there has been good team morale. It's an honour to be picked to represent the girls and we have given it our best shot. We thought we would have a really good chance today and we have come second, so everyone has done themselves proud. We have won three races and done well.

“It was an honour to ride for Mr [William] Haggas and a good horse makes it a lot easier. I just had to really steer her to victory, all the hard work has been done at home. It was a thrill to ride a good filly like her.

“I was very apprehensive about this beforehand. I was not sure what to expect but it has been an absolutely brilliant day and I have loved every minute of it. I would love to do it again.

“I have loved the team side of it, too, it adds a different dimension. To get the chance to ride with some famous and well-known jockeys when you never would normally – Emma-Jayne Wilson, who is a sensation in Canada, Kerrin McEvoy, Christophe Lemaire. And to get my first winner at Ascot, on a Saturday – I am loving it!”

Ascot Racecourse awarded £25,000 in bonuses for the three leading stables at this year's Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup, with the William Haggas yard picking up the £12,5000 first prize thanks to the wins of Amanzoe, Pride Of Priory and Hamaki.

William Haggas said: “The staff deserve every penny, I can tell you. These horses have looked great, they have behaved well and they are focused. Everything has been excellent today and they have run well.”

Nick Smith, Director of Racing and Public Affairs at Ascot Racecourse, said: “It has been another fantastic renewal of the Dubai Duty Free Shergar Cup. We are so grateful to all the owners who backed the unique format today and to all the jockeys, especially those that came from overseas.

“William Haggas's yard won first prize of £12,500 in our second stable/stable staff award of the summer after a treble today so congratulations to his team, to the winning home team of jockeys and to Neil Callan, who won the Alistair Haggas Silver Saddle.”

Final Team Standings
GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND 132
LADIES 81
REST OF THE WORLD 72
EUROPE 51

Final Alistair Haggis Silver Saddle Standings:
Neil Callan GBI 50
Jamie Spencer GBI 37
Kieran Shoemark GBI 33
Joanna Mason LADIES 29
Rene Piechulek EUR 23
Frankie Dettori EUR 20
Christophe Lemaire ROW 20
Jason Collett ROW 19
Nicola Currie LADIES 19
Hayley Turner LADIES 18
Kerrin McEvoy ROW 17
Takeshi Yokoyama ROW 16
Emma-Jayne Wilson LADIES 15
Daniel Tudhope GBI 12
Antonio Fresu EUR 4
José-Luis Martinez EUR 4

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Ellis Park’s Turf Stakes Pick 4 Pays Record $85,939

When Sunday's all-stakes Pick Four paid a track-record $85,939.92 for a 50-cent bet, you know it wasn't business as usual at the RUNHAPPY Meet at Ellis Park.

For a pair of young female jockeys, it was exceptional business as 26-year-old apprentice Gage Holmes won the $100,000 Centennial Distaff Turf Mile on Henrietta Topham and 27-year-old Mickaelle Michel of France two races later captured the finale on Gray's Fable in the $100,000 Henderson Turf Mile.

The all-turf stakes sequence kicked off with a horse trained by North America's all-time win leader — Hall of Famer Steve Asmussen — paying $47.80 as the second-longest shot in the field nine as the Vincent Cheminaud-ridden All in Sync beat older horses in the $100,000 Twin Spires Turf Sprint.

That was followed by Holmes, who only started riding late last year, earning her first stakes victory aboard Henrietta Topham, the 4-year-old filly paying $21.44 in her third straight win.

Creative Credit ($24.16) and jockey Tommy Pompell subsequently led all the way to take the $100,000 Laguna Distaff Turf Sprint by two lengths over the late-running Grade 2 winner Brooke Marie.

The racing wrapped up with Gray's Fable ($23.54) and Michel holding off favored Mr Dumas by a neck while both horses wore down the front-running Tut's Revenge, who finished another head back in third in the capacity field of 12.

A further look:

Asmussen's goal was to get All in Sync on the turf, a mission thwarted but still successful when the colt beat fellow 3-year-olds in the Dade Park Turf taken off the grass. So with the ultimate objective being Kentucky Downs' $600,000, Grade 2 Franklin-Simpson for 3-year-olds, Asmussen put Ed and Susie Orr's All in Sync in against older horses, getting the same result and finding out that the colt likes the grass just fine.

“We're thrilled for the horse and all involved,” said Marissa Short, who oversees Asmussen's Ellis operation. “He's kind of evolved between the first stakes and this. He's changed into a more mature, confident horse.”

All in Sync beat Charcoal by a neck, with Bad Beat Brian another half-length back in third after nosing out 2019 winner Totally Boss.

As an apprentice jockey who hasn't yet won 50 races (she's at 28 through Sunday), Gage normally would get a seven-pound weight allowance in Kentucky to encourage trainers to use her. But that doesn't apply in stakes races. Trainer Geoff Mulcahy acknowledged thinking about switching to a more experience jockey but concluded, “If it's not the right time to go for a stakes when you're coming off two wins, when is? And Gage was a part of those two wins.”

Said owner-breeder Michael Burns: “We got a lot more than seven pounds, we got a lot of talent.”

Henrietta Topham rallied to out-finish favored Turnerloose by a half-length, with 17-1 pacesetter Touch of Class another neck back in third in the field of nine fillies and mares.

Holmes groomed horses while attending Penn State, where she graduated with degrees in veterinary and biomedical science. After college, she decided she wanted to become a jockey.

“First and foremost, I am just so thankful,” Holmes said. “… I felt like I had a ton of horse underneath me. Turning for home, when everybody started moving, I'm like, 'OK, here's your moment.' … I saw how much the other guys were working around me, and I was just sitting there.”

It also was the first stakes victory for the Lexington-based Mulcahy, though he certainly has been around stakes winners. Mulcahy and his wife, Sandra, oversee the training of 50 horses. But the Mulcahys work with 48 of those for other trainers, either getting them ready for the races or off layoffs. (That includes getting the foundation training into future Kentucky Oaks winner Shedaresthedevil.)

Creative Credit, who is trained by Cincinnati-based T.R. Hahn, defeated Elle Z in similar front-running fashion in their last start, Indiana's Clarksville Stakes. But owner-breeder Richard Finucane said he understood Creative Credit's odds, given that the 5-year-old mare had never won a race beyond five-eighths of a mile.

“She just left there in front, and when they tried to get close to her, she reached down a little bit,” Finucane said. “She didn't know she was 11-1.”

Favored Elle Z, who generally is the one in front, put the early pressure on Creative Credit but faded to seventh in the field of 10 fillies and mares running 5 1/2 furlongs.

“I really thought she had a shot in here,” Pompell said of his 2,899th career winner.

Churchill Downs-based trainer Brian Lynch, who had the first or second choice in all four stakes, came into the nightcap with his best finish being a third with Tobys Heart in the Distaff Turf Sprint. The Henderson Turf Mile was Lynch's third start with Gray's Fable since getting the 7-year-old gelding after his victory in Churchill Downs' Opening Verse for Canadian-based trainer Roger Attfield.

“He was in great form, and then he sort of ran two sub-par races,” Lynch said of the gelding owned by Steve Goldfine, Kari Provost and Jeff Zlonis. “But in the interim, he's always trained like a horse that can pull off a race like this. Obviously he gets along with Mickaelle. He's a very quirky horse, so it was nice to see her display her talents. She's certainly someone with a future.

“Look, we ran four in four stakes (Sunday). I was hoping to win one of them. So finally we did.”

The victory was a big boost for Michel, who has ridden in Europe and Japan and now is working to get entrenched in America. Gray's Fable was her second North American victory and first stakes.

“He's a really nice horse,” said Michel, who has been in America 2 1/2 months. “I've won in many different countries, so the United States for me was a big deal. I want to prove I can ride and win everywhere — and female riders can do it. So, yeah, it's a really good winner.” She added with a laugh and big smile: “I hope many trainers now put me on their horse.”

All of the winners will get a serious look at corresponding stakes at Kentucky Downs for their next start, their connections said.

Industry data-keeper Equibase said the Pick 4 payoff of $85,939.92 for a 50-cent wager is the highest at Ellis Park going back to 2002. The 50-cent Pick 5 paid off $18,876.92 for having four of the five winners. The carryover into next Friday's card is $56,630.

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